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Unveiling Weight Loss Trends And Complications In Body Contouring Surgery Among Glucagon Like Peptide Analogs Users: An Eight Year Experience
Alejandra Aristizábal, M.D., Maria V. Rios-Sanchez, MPH, Samyd S. Bustos, M.D., Vahe Fahradyan, M.D., Christin Harless, M.D., Bill V. Tran, M.D., Aparna Vijayasekaran, M.B.B.S, Basel Sharaf, M.D., D.D.S., Uldis Bite, MD, Jorys Martinez-Jorge, M.D..
Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Purpose: The rising use of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogs has increased interest in body contouring surgery (BCS). We assessed GLP-1 use, weight loss patterns, and complications among patients who underwent BCS at our institution.
Methods: A retrospective analysis of BCS patients with GLP-1 prescriptions was conducted. They were categorized into three groups: Group 1 (preoperative use), Group 2 (pre-op and post-op use), and Group 3 (postoperative use). Fisher's exact and chi-square tests analyzed categorical variables and repeated measures ANOVA evaluated changes in GLP-1 use and BMI over time. Multiple linear regression predicted the final BMI based on age, pre-surgery BMI, and GLP-1 use.
Results: 44 patients were included. Nine (20.4%) in group 1, nine (20.4%) in group 2, and 26 (59%) in group 3
. There was no statistically significant difference in group demographics, BCS types, and follow-up. 3 (6.8%) patients had pancreatitis and 3 (6.8%) had worsening constipation while using GLP-1 analogs.
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| Table 1: Demographic characteristics comparison between GLP-1 use groups | |
| BCS Patients using GLP-1 at any point (n = 44) | Group 1: GLP-1 use before surgery (n = 9) | Group 2: GLP-1 use Before and after surgery (n = 9) | Group 3: GLP-1 use After surgery (n = 26) | P value |
| Sex Female (n = 41) Male (n = 3) | 9 (100%) 0 | 9 (100%) 0 | 23 (88.5%) 3 (11.5%) | 0.55 |
| Age | 46.6 ± 11.6 | 49.6 ± 7.88 | 50.8± 11.7 | 0.61 |
| Type and number of surgeries Panniculectomy Abdominoplasty Brachioplasty Thigh lift | 8 1 1 0 | 6 4 2 2 | 18 8 2 1 | 0.63 0.35 0.55 0.20 |
| BMI at surgery (kg/m2) | 30.6± 3.3 | 32.4± 5.3 | 32.8 ± 6.2 | 0.57 |
| BMI at 6 months after surgery (kg/m2) | 23.9 ± 14.0 | 27.7 ± 11.4 | 33.7 ± 7.1 | 0.02 * |
| BMI last follow-up (kg/m2) | 30.2± 3.4 | 30.4± 5.0 | 33.4 ± 7.4 | 0.30 |
| Follow up after surgery (days) | 117.66 ± 52.58 | 194±297.05 | 201 ± 219.41 | 0.69 |
| GLP-1: glucagon-like peptide-1 analog, BMI: body mass index. |
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| Table 2: Linear Regression to predict the BMI at the last follow-up based on other variables such as age, BMI at surgery, and GLP-1 use. | |
| Risk factor | Estimate (β). | P value |
| Age | 0.05 | 0.06 |
| BMI at surgery | 1.09 | <0.001* |
| GLP-1 group 2 | -1.93 | 0.03* |
| GLP-1 group 3 | 0.46 | 0.54 |
| Model Variance Explained | R˛ = 0.9236 | |
Conclusion: Starting GLP-1 analogs before BCS significantly reduced BMI six months after surgery, with surgical BMI being a strong predictor of BMI at the last follow-up.
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