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Perioperative GLP-1 Analogue Exposure And Postoperative Outcomes In Mommy Makeover Surgery: A Nationwide Propensity-Matched Analysis
William M. Tian, MD1, Aneeq S. Chaudhry, BA
2, Katherine Kozlowski, BS
1, Arun K. Gosain, MD
1, Robert Galiano, MD
1.
1Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA,
2Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Florida International University Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
PURPOSE: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are increasingly used among surgical patients, yet their impact on postoperative outcomes in plastic surgery is poorly understood.
METHODS: Using the TriNetX research network, we identified 285,432 patients undergoing mommy makeover type procedures between 2005 and 2025. Of these, 6,175 had documented GLP-1 use within six months of surgery. After 1:1 propensity score matching, 6,175 patients were included in each cohort, balanced for age, BMI, comorbidities, and surgical characteristics. Outcomes were assessed at 30-days, 45-days, 60-days, 90-days, 6-months, and 1-year.
RESULTS: GLP-1 users demonstrated consistently higher rates of wound-related complications across all time points, compared to non-users. At 30-days, superficial infections were more common in GLP-1 users (0.84% vs. 0.46%; p=0.0086) as were overall wound-related complications (3.99% vs. 3.19%; p=0.0216). By 45-90 days, risks of superficial infection, seroma/hematoma, and wound-related complications remained significantly elevated. At 1-year, GLP-1 exposure was consistently associated with increased risk of superficial infection (1.62% vs. 0.94; p=0.0008), seroma/hematoma (3.47% vs. 2.59; p=0.0047), and wound-related complications (7.52% vs. 6.56%; p=0.0441).
CONCLUSION: Preoperative GLP-1 use was associated with higher risks of superficial infection, seroma, and wound complications up to one year following mommy makeover procedures. These findings may suggest a potential effect of GLP-1 therapy on tissue healing, highlighting the need for further studies into underlying mechanisms and perioperative management strategies.
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